Implantable Cardiac Devices
نویسندگان
چکیده
Electrical cardiac pacing for the management of bradyarrhythmias was first described in 1952, and permanent transvenous pacing devices were introduced into clinical practice in the early 1960s. The first devices for endocardial defibrillation were implanted in surviving victims of sudden cardiac death in 1980. Implanted electrical devices for the management of cardiac dysrhythmias have changed rapidly over the years, with both increasing complexity and miniaturization. Survey data from 2002 indicated that approximately 612 new pacemakers per million population were implanted in the United States. Indications for the use of permanent pacemakers in the management of congenital and acquired heart disease include cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure. A number of large clinical trials comparing implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) with antiarrhythmic drugs for the prevention of sudden cardiac death resulting from ventricular dysrhythmias have indicated that ICDs significantly improve survival. Such studies have led to a dramatic increase in ICD implantations, and it is estimated that there are more than 125,000 new ICD implants annually in the United States. The widespread use of these devices ensures that the emergency physician frequently encounters such patients, often with symptoms that may be related to malfunction of the pacemaker or ICD.
منابع مشابه
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Erosive dermatitis is a skin reaction associated with implantable cardiac devices (ie, pacemakers and cardioverter defibrillators). We report a 65-year-old man with a history of several cerebrovascular attacks who developed an erythematous crusted erosive patch over the pacemaker site after implantation of two subsequent pacemakers. We suggest that physical irritation may be a trigger factor fo...
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